This problem emerged fully only by the time the Commissione Anselmi was already approaching the end of its work; it has therefore been impossible to enquire into this. 1938, le leggi contro gli ebrei, in La rassegna mensile di Israel, v. LIV, n. 1-2 (gennaio-agosto 1988) Mussolini contro gli ebrei. Immediately after Liberation the banks made them again available to the rightful holders; thus Jews who emerged from illegality were able to use them at once. Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 156... non riconobbe mai valida la normativa di confisca dei beni degli ebrei emanata dalla RSI27 , ma applicò direttamente la legislazione antiebraica nazista e la stessa ... Cfr . Commissione Anselmi , Rapporto Generale , cit . , p . Its president was Tina Anselmi, former partisan, former Senator for the Christian-Democratic Party, former president of the 1981 “Commissione parlamentare di inchiesta sulla loggia massonica P2” (Parliamentary enquiry commission on the Masonic lodge P2), and former member of the 1997 “Commissione governativa di inchiesta per i fatti di Somalia" (Governmental enquiry commission on the incidents in Somalia). A Livorno gli ebrei erano talmente tanti da risultare, in proporzione agli abitanti, la comunità più numerosa in Italia dopo Trieste: uno ogni 75 livornesi, dodici volte di più della media nazionale. (Other estimates even reach around € 1 billion) Tina Anselmi (d'ora in poi Commissione Anselmi), istituita dalla Presidenza del Consiglio dei ministri in data 1° dicembre 1998, la quale ha operato sino al mese di aprile del 2001. How did the Commissione Anselmi proceed in its work, and what conclusions did it reach? Esso appurò la presenza nella penisola di 58.412 residenti (esclusi quindi i temporaneamente presenti) nati da almeno un genitore ebreo o ex-ebreo, suddivisi in 48.032 italiani e 10.380 stranieri residenti da oltre sei mesi. Contenuto trovato all'interno87 90 91 83 Federico Steinhaus, Ebrei/Juden, cit., pp. 125-126. 84 Cfr. Mario Scialoja, Le conclusioni della Commissione Anselmi. Primo, non restituire, in “L'Espresso”, 15 luglio 1999, pp. 68-69. 85 Il tema della delazione è stato ... Personal Property (1943-1945). Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 48I testi delle leggi, in: 1938 le leggi contro gli ebrei (La rassegna mensile di Israel LIV, 1–2/1988), S. 49–167; Ders. ... FN 1; Michele Sarfatti: Le vicende della spoliazione degli ebrei e la Commissione Anselmi ... For the same reason, part of the assets were stolen before or after their confiscation. At the end of 1997, therefore, Tullia Zevi, President of the Unione delle Comunità, asked for a new Commission to be appointed, that would carry out a full enquiry into what had happened to the property of Jews in Italy during the Fascist and Nazi persecution and ensure that items still in the State’s keeping – if any - were returned. » Michele Sarfatti, "Jews in Italy and Nazi and Fascist Persecution. On 30th of that same month the Ministry of the Interior ordered the “immediate sequestration” of Jewish assets (a provisional measure that did not affect their ownership, but allowed the government to manage them). Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 193La Commissione , sotto l'egida della Presidenza del Consiglio minio » , ha concluso la Anselmi ... riguardato i beni sto aspetto nell'insieme dei diritti negati ebraici dall'emanazione delle leggi razagli ebrei dal fascismo e dalla RSI ... L'indagine nell'Archivio storico della Banca d'Italia (english_version)(da pag.345 a pag.372) This part of the enquiry was quite intricate and yielded only incomplete results, as no general survey was ever undertaken during the spoliation itself. This article is the result of the elaboration of a chapter of my dissertation (Giovanni Dellantonio, Bernardo Clesio e l'architettura del Rinascimento, 2 voll., IUAV, Venezia 1988) and was awarded the prize for young historians Onestinghel by the society for Trentino studies. The 1947 law, advocated by the President of the Unione delle Comunità, Raffaele Cantoni, with the support of the World Jewish Congress, ruled that the estates of Jews killed in the Shoah without leaving heirs would pass to the Unione delle Comunità – and not to the State, as decreed by the general law of succession3. From 1938 to 1945, then, government action against Jewish real property and shareholding was fairly bland. Il presente sito utilizza i "cookie" per facilitare la navigazione. Arrests were made by German authorities only in the two Operation Zones, and by both German and Italian authorities in the rest of the Italian peninsula; whereas the deportation of Jews was carried out entirely by German authorities in the whole territory. Tina Anselmi, nonché, tra i Commissari, il prefetto Antonio Farrace e il dott. Some of those objects are now displayed in the Museum of the Jewish Community of Trieste, in the museum of the concentration camp of San Sabba in Trieste, and in the museum of the Yad Vashem in Jerusalem. Foreign Jews were expelled from the Italian peninsula and were allowed to take away with them only a small part of their belongings. At the moment of restitution Egeli asked the owners to pay “management expenses”, as if Jews had voluntarily decided to have their property managed by Egeli; some owners paid the sum that was requested of them, other refused to do so. It has been impossible, for instance, to set up a complete list of assets seized and of assets returned to their rightful owners in the Alpenvorland and the Adriatisches Küstenland. In Alessandria and in Ferrara documents and books were stolen or dispersed by Fascists; in Fiume they perished when the Nazis set fire to the synagogue; in Trieste the books were mostly destroyed or taken away to Austria. (english_version 1 ) (english_version 2 )(da pag.115 a pag.142) La Commissione Anselmi pubblica le cifre "Sono state più di ottomila le leggi di confisca" "L'Italia del fascismo depredò gli ebrei" di MARCO POLITI The items confiscated by Egeli in the homes of Jews (in some cases – the exact number could not be ascertained -, houses that had been confiscated in 1943-1945 were returned without furnishings or with entirely empty furniture), or seized from their suitcases and their pockets when they were arrested, were returned only in part. Immediately after Liberation the banks made them again available to the rightful holders; thus Jews who emerged from illegality were able to use them at once. Cosa accadde a quel punto? In the remaining banks there were, in 1950 or thereabouts, unclaimed deposits containing money and government bonds totalling approximately 4,000,000 lire, and 6,550 share certificates of unknown value. In March 1999 a fourteenth member, appointed by the Banca d’Italia, was added. The Historical Commission of Inquiry; Azienda rilievo alienazione residuati (Arar) (english_version)(da pag.523 a pag.534) The assets were to be confiscated by the chiefs of the provinces and then managed by Egeli. The 1997 law deals only with property whose “Jewish” provenance is known. Houses and land expropriated by Egeli during the first phase of persecution have all been returned, or in any case compensation was paid for them. La Commissione Anselmi, chi c'era II. Consequently, it does not concern property that was confiscated or robbed from Jews, but is now no longer identified as “Jewish property”. The collections of documents belonging to the other Communities were zealously confiscated by the Repubblica Sociale Italiana and were found almost intact after its defeat. Le misure risarcitorie furono peraltro parziali. Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 3gli ebrei deportati dall'Italia (1943-1945) Liliana Picciotto Fargion Centro di documentazione ebraica contemporanea ... La recente relazione della « Commissione Anselmi » sulla rapina dei beni ebraici non conferma questa tesi ed ... Personal Property (1943-1945). Le leggi, sempre più violente Il re numismatico non batte ciglio Gli ebrei «discriminati», circa 6.500 «Sono agli estremi, devo vendere» Così si salva l'insegna ebraica It has been impossible, for instance, to set up a complete list of assets seized and of assets returned to their rightful owners in the Alpenvorland and the Adriatisches Küstenland. Edited by Giuseppe Speciale. Sometimes the Jewish owner was given the proceeds from the sale – made at an extremely low valuation - of these items. Nel 2001 così scrive Tina Anselmi, Presidente della Commissione per la ricostruzione delle vicende che hanno caratterizzato in Italia le attività di acquisizione dei beni dei cittadini ebrei da parte di organismi pubblici e privati: «. Zevi submitted her proposal to Ciampi, who was minister at the time, and who in the spring of 1998 forwarded it to the Prime Minister Romano Prodi, recommending that it be acted upon. Arrests were made by German authorities only in the two Operation Zones, and by both German and Italian authorities in the rest of the Italian peninsula; whereas the deportation of Jews was carried out entirely by German authorities in the whole territory. Ma la Commissione Anselmi non aveva poteri esecutivi e l'auspicio di una pronta soluzione, rimase lettera morta. Tina Anselmi. Lastly, on 4 January 1944, came a legislative decree by the Duce, which declared that all property owned in Italy by persons “of the Jewish race” was to be confiscated in favour of the State. When the anti-Jewish laws were passed, some Jews tried to illegally export money and valuables. L'"Italia razzista" di Isman e l'opera della Commissione Anselmi. To complete the picture, it should be pointed out that during that same time a local government brought to a positive conclusion one of the episodes the Commission had enquired into: on 5 October 2001 the Giunta della Provincia di Trento (the government of the province of Trento) decided to return a precious collection of 69 17th-century German porcelain pieces, which the State had confiscated in 1939 from the German Jew Julius Kaumheimer and handed over to a museum in Trento. Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 301... di responsabilità a livello istituzionale con il meritorio lavoro della Commissione presieduta da Tina Anselmi 54 ... Il riconoscimento della persecuzione degli ebrei come parte integrante della storia del fascismo e della società ... The Commission requested the State Archives of each province to submit a copy of any records they might have on the property of Jews, and practically each archive sent different batches of documents that usually are not easily available to scholars, that is to say the very documents that contain detailed information on individual persons and assets. li compito della commissione è quello - come ha spiegato il portavoce della presidenza del Consiglio on. Contenuto trovato all'interno – Pagina 21«Per gli ebrei – ha osservato Sergio Luzzatto – non era come per gli altri»; se agli altri italiani si presenta un ... italiana sui beni e sul lavoro (1938-1945), che tiene conto del Rapporto generale della Commissione Anselmi, ... Beni ebraici: insediata la "Commissione Anselmi" - TR giugno 1999. The public thus learned that an Italian flag had been taken from the rabbi of Genoa, that another Jew had been dispossessed of a whole parmesan cheese (a thing rarely seen at the time, and of considerable value), and another of a toothbrush.
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